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Crusaders (guerrilla)
Crusaders ((クロアチア語:Križari), also known as Škripari) were a Croatian anti-communist guerrilla army. Their activities started after the capitulation of the Independent State of Croatia, which was at the time a Nazi puppet state, in May 1945, toward the end of World War II. The Crusaders' activity ended in 1950.
==During World War II==
The leadership of the Independent State of Croatia was preparing for the impending major battles against the Yugoslav Partisans who were in 1944 reinforced by the Red Army. They wanted to establish a front on line Varaždin-Koprivnica-Sisak-Petrinja-Karlovac. They also wanted to establish a guerrilla army that would fight behind the front lines. This guerrilla force would also, if necessary, fight the British, Americans, and Soviets. During the penultimate meeting of the Main Ustaše Headquarters it was discussed whether a guerrilla army should be created, and if so, how would this army fight. The plan about pushing the Croatian Army in Bosnia was already accepted when Ante Pavelić ordered the army's retreat to Slovenia (at the time in the British occupation zone).
Preparations for guerilla were started in 1943 when the Germans formed ''Jagdverbände''. These formations used the same tactics against the guerrillas who fought against them. Staff jobs, that is planning, logistic, technical personnel and training were performed by German army experts, while the Ustaše provided manpower. The guerilla units were named ''S-Units'' (''S Skupine''). Due to the Italian capitulation the plan was implemented in 1944, and in 1945 the plan included the whole of Croatian territory .Croatian guerilla actions against Yugoslav Partisans weren't notable during the war but they influenced post-war guerilla combat. Notable people who worked with ''S-Units'' were Vjekoslav Luburić, Ljubo Miloš and Dinko Šakić.
Regardless, the majority of the Armed Forces of the Independent State of Croatia and a large number of Ustaše members was ordered by the leadership of the NDH into a mass retreat towards the Austrian and Italian borders.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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